Intra-alveolar edema, atelectasis, shunting ventilation/perfusion mismatching, decreased amount and activity of surfactant, alveolar hypoventilation, formation of hyaline membranes, alveolar collapse, decreased diffusing capacity Use of accessory muscles, dyspnea, tachypnea, bradypnea, abnormal arterial blood gasesĪRDS ND2: Impaired gas exchange Related to NANDA Nursing diagnosis for ARDS (Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome) ARDS ND1: Ineffective breathing pattern Related toĭecreased lung compliance, pulmonary edema, increased lung density, decreased surfactant Mouth breathing, decreased fluid intake, malnutrition, prolonged use of steroidsĬhanges in the oral mucosa lining, dryness discoloration, lesions, bleeding, exudate Negative perception of self-worth, anger, anxiety depressionĬOPD ND11: Impaired oral mucous membrane Related to Verbalizing inability to control the progression of COPD, anger, depression, anxietyĬOPD ND11: Chronic low self-esteem Related to Request for information, statement of misconception, statement of concerns, development of preventable complications, inaccurate follow-through with instructions Lack of information, lack of recall of information, cognitive limitations Inability to bathe and perform toileting activities as normal, foul body odor, unwashed hair Insomnia, anger, hostility, aggression, fatigueįatigue from the increased work of breathing, weakness Inability to meet basic needs, constant worry, apprehension, fear, anger, hostility, aggression, inappropriate defense mechanisms, low self-esteem, insomnia, depression, destructive behaviorsĭisease process, inability to move secretions, decreased cilia function, immunosuppression, poor nutritionĬOPD ND6: Imbalanced Nutrition: less than body requirements Related toĭyspnea, inability to take in sufficient food, increased metabolism due to disease process, decreased level of consciousness, fatigue, increased sputum, medication side effectsĪctual inadequate food intake, altered taste, altered smell sensation, weight loss, anorexia, absent bowel sounds, decreased peristalsis, muscle mass loss, changes in bowel habits, abdominal distention, nausea, vomitingĭifficulties in breathing when lying down Health status, sensory overload, fear of death, physical limitations, inadequate support system, inadequate coping mechanisms, continual dyspnea Imbalance between oxygen supply and demand fatigue, weakness, inadequate restĭyspnea, decreased oxygen saturation levels with movement or activity, increased heart rate and blood pressure with movement or activity, feelings of tiredness and weakness Hypoxemia, hypercapnia, mental status changes, confusion, restlessness, dyspnea, vital sign changes, inability to tolerate activity, respiratory acidosisīreathlessness, threat of death, change in health status, life-threatening crisesįear, restlessness, muscle tension, helplessness, verbalization of uncertainty and apprehension, feeling of suffocationĬOPD ND4: Activity intolerance Related to Obstruction of airways, bronchospasm, air trapping, right-to-left shunting, ventilation/perfusion mismatching, inability to move secretions, hypoventilation Pain, increased lung compliance, decreased lung expansion, obstruction, decreased elasticity/recoilĭyspnea, tachypnea, use of accessory muscles, cough with or without productivity, adventitious breath sounds, prolongation of expiratory time, increased mucous production, abnormal arterial blood gasesĬOPD ND2: Ineffective Airway clearance Related toīronchoconstriction, fatigue, increased work of breathing, increased mucous production, thick secretions, ineffective cough, infectionĭyspnea, tachypnea, bradypnea, bronchospasms, increased work of breathing, use of accessory muscles, increased mucous production, cough with or without productivity, adventitious breath soundsĬOPD ND3: Impaired gas exchange Related to NANDA Nursing diagnosis for COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) COPD ND1: Ineffective breathing pattern Related to In future articles, we’ll discuss NANDA nursing diagnosis for more respiratory conditions.
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